DARPO Cagayan-Batanes Powers Up ARBOs Through CARP Support Services

CAGAYAN VALLEY — The Department of Agrarian Reform Provincial Office of Cagayan-Batanes (DARPO) is intensifying efforts to strengthen agrarian reform beneficiaries’ organizations (ARBOs), leveraging Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) support services to drive rural productivity, enterprise development, and measurable improvements in household welfare.

Across agrarian reform communities (ARCs) in the province, DARPO has been rolling out an integrated package of interventions—ranging from farm machinery and post-harvest facilities to capacity-building, credit facilitation, and market linkage support—aimed at transforming ARBOs into viable rural enterprises.

From Land Distribution to Enterprise Development

While CARP initially focused on land redistribution, the current phase emphasizes Program Beneficiaries Development (PBD)—ensuring that farmer-beneficiaries translate land ownership into sustainable income streams.

Through flagship programs such as the Agrarian Reform Community (ARC) and Village-Level Farm-Focused Enterprise Development (VLFED), DARPO has enabled ARBOs to:

• Increase farm productivity through mechanization
• Reduce post-harvest losses
• Access institutional buyers and stable markets
• Strengthen cooperative governance and financial management

According to a study by RSIS International, these interventions align with broader national evidence showing that support services are critical in maximizing agrarian reform outcomes, particularly in improving income and reducing rural poverty .

Empirical Gains in Income and Productivity

Data from national impact studies reinforce the gains observed in the field.

A longitudinal study by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) found that:

• Average farm income of agrarian reform beneficiaries (ARBs) increased by 87% between 1990 and 2000
• ARB households earned ₱67,761 average farm income in 2000, significantly higher than non-beneficiaries
• Overall household income of ARBs reached ₱98,653, compared to ₱76,156 for non-ARBs

Moreover, real per capita income of ARBs rose by 12.2%, accompanied by a decline in poverty incidence from 47.6% to 45.2%, while non-ARB poverty rates worsened during the same period .

These figures underscore a consistent trend: agrarian reform beneficiaries tend to achieve higher incomes and improved economic resilience, particularly when supported by government interventions.

Improving Quality of Life in Agrarian Reform Communities

Beyond income, CARP support services have contributed to broader quality-of-life improvements.

Studies indicate that ARB households demonstrate:

• Better access to safe water and sanitation facilities
• Higher educational attainment among household members
• Increased likelihood of transitioning out of poverty

In ARCs where support services are sustained, farmers report enhanced social capital, stronger community organizations, and improved access to government programs—key indicators of rural transformation.

At the local level, DARPO Cagayan-Batanes notes similar outcomes. ARBO members engaged in enterprise clustering and value-adding activities—such as rice processing, corn production, and agri-based trading—have reported:

• Increased seasonal and annual incomes
• Diversified livelihood sources
• Reduced reliance on informal lending

Support Services as the Critical Multiplier

Development experts emphasize that land ownership alone is insufficient; productivity and income gains depend heavily on complementary inputs.

“Irrigation, credit access, infrastructure, and training significantly increase the likelihood that agrarian reform beneficiaries become non-poor,” one study concluded, highlighting the role of integrated support systems.

DARPO’s current strategy reflects this evidence-based approach—prioritizing convergence with other agencies, local government units, and private sector partners to expand services in ARCs.

Toward Inclusive Rural Growth

As CARP implementation enters a more mature phase, DARPO Cagayan-Batanes is positioning ARBOs not just as farmer groups, but as drivers of rural enterprise and local economic growth.

With sustained investments in support services, the agency aims to:

• Scale up successful ARBO enterprises
• Increase market competitiveness of agrarian products
• Further reduce poverty incidence in rural communities

For agrarian reform beneficiaries in Cagayan and Batanes, the shift is becoming evident: from subsistence farming toward more stable incomes, improved living conditions, and stronger community institutions—a trajectory that reflects the long-term promise of agrarian reform when paired with sustained government support.

Related article: The Impact of CARP on Poverty Reduction and Long-Term Growth

Flying fish processing center rises via VLPCEP center

Itbud, Uyugan,Batanes – The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) recently launched the Village Level Processing Center Enhancement Project (VLPCEP) for the Milagrosa Multi-Purpose Cooperative, an agrarian reform beneficiaries (ARB) cooperative engaged in the processing of flying fish into bottled Spanish sardines.

Milagrosa MPC received a grant from the DAR amounting to P180,000.00 for the construction their fish processing center consisting of a 3.33m X 5.0m corrugated GI sheet building under the VLPCEP. The VLPCEP project is designed primarily to enhance the existing processing center with development support initiative for ARB cooperatives and other ARB organizations (ARBO), improve their capability to produce quality processed products that are highly competitive in the mainstream market including services to its members.

Further, it helps develop market- competitive Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organization (ARBO) products through product development (e.g., labelling, packaging designs, etc.) and enrich enterprise and livelihood activities at the community level in the selected agrarian reform areas. The VLPCEP is also intended to develop homegrown products for better opportunities and linkage to potential markets.

Aside from processing flying fish into bottled Spanish sardines, the Milagrosa MPC also processes one-day old flying fish, a popular delicacy only found in Batanes, so called because the flying fish is set to dry for one day on hot stones under the sun. Also, they process the flying fish into fish balls and fish lumpia.

DAR will continue to provide capability building and skills enhancement including monitoring to sustain the project. It has also coordinated with other CARP implementing agencies such as the: Bureau of Food and Drugs for quality assurance and for Milagrosa MPC to be duly registered with BFAD and avail a license; Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) will also conduct trainings for cooperators and assists in the marketing aspect. Other agencies such as DOLE and DOST are likewise involved in the project. 

Links: 

Milagrosa MPC Fish Processing Center (PHOTOS etc)

Batanes "Dibang" one-day old flying fish

Famous Food Delicacies in Batanes

Ivatan ARBs resort to rainwater harvesting for veggie farms

The members of the San Joaquin Agrarian ReformBeneficiaries Multi-Purpose Cooperative (San Joaquin ARB-MPC) in barangay San Antonio, Basco, Batanes have found a way to harvest and store rainwater to supply the much needed fresh water for their vegetable farms during periods where water supply is scarce such as droughts and during months of insufficient rainfall in the typhoon path island province of Batanes in northern Philippines. The situation is further complicated as the available land for these vegetable farms are also located right beside the shores of the great Pacific Ocean.

The San Joaquin ARB-MPC is an agrarian reform beneficiary organization located within the San Antonio Agrarian Reform Community (San Antonio ARC). An ARC is a barangay at the minimum or a cluster of contiguous barangays where there is a critical mass of farmers and farm workers awaiting the full implementation of agrarian reform. The farmers and the farm workers will anchor the integrated development of the area.

Rainwater harvesting is the practice of collecting rainwater for household water use, additionally, water for livestock and small irrigation. Also, it is a means to replenish groundwater levels. The common mode of rainwater harvesting is through rooftop rainwater harvesting projects. This activity addresses issues of ground water depletion brought about in part by global warming. There are reasons for ground water depletion such as: (1) Increasing demand of ground water; (2) Extracting more than recharge; (3) Reduction of recharge area due to infrastructure, road asphalting/concreting, (4) Shrinking surface water bodies; and (5) Uncertain rainfall due to climate change.

For centuries the town of Venice depended on rainwater harvesting because the lagoon surrounding Venice is made of brackish water which is not suitable for human drinking. The ancient residents of Venice developed a system of rainwater collection in order to have water to drink. As Venice acquired territories on the mainland, it started to import water by boat from local rivers.

At present, rainwater harvesting is being practiced around the world to counter the effects of climate change and has been adopted and intensified in other countries such as in Bermuda, where they have a law that requires all new construction to include rainwater harvesting adequate for the residents. The U.S. Virgin Islands also have a similar law. In Senegal and Guinea-Bissau, there are houses that are frequently equipped with homemade rainwater harvesters. In Myanmar, the groundwater is saline and communities rely on mud-lined rainwater ponds to meet their drinking water needs throughout the dry season. Some of these ponds are centuries old and are treated with great reverence and respect. In New Mexico, rainwater catchment is mandatory for new dwellings in Santa Fe. In the USA, Texas offers a sales tax exemption on the purchase of rainwater harvesting equipment. Oklahoma passed a law in 2012, to promote pilot projects for rainwater use among other water saving techniques. In Beijing, some housing societies are now adding rainwater in their main water sources after proper treatment (source: Wikipedia). 

The rainwater harvesting facility operated by the San Joaquin Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Multi-Purpose Cooperative (San Joaquin ARB-MPC) in barangay San Antonio, Basco, Batanes was constructed through the initiative of the Local Government Unit (LGU) under the Bottom-Up Budgeting/Grassroots Participatory Budgeting (BUB-GPB) program with a cost of P1.9 million. It has provided the agrarian reform beneficiaries an opportunity to make the land productive and consequently increased their income. 

The rainwater harvesting facility helps mitigate the devastating effects of climate change and provides some relief for agrarian reform beneficiaries engaged in organic vegetable production. 

DAR Region 02 Regional Director Homer P. Tobias, CESO III, climbing to the roof to inspect the rainwater harvesting facility of the San Joaquin ARB-MPC. 

Rainwater collects on the roof and is stored in these tanks for future use. 

Freshwater always made available through the rainwater harvesting facility for vegetable farms like these situated along the Pacific Ocean. 

The P1.9 million BUB-GPB funded rainwater harvesting facility of San Joaquin ARB-MPC in barangay San Antonio, Basco, Batanes.

DARPO-Cagayan conducts onsite hearings in Batanes

Batanes is an island province in the Cagayan Valley Region (Region 2) located on the northernmost part of the Philippines.  The municipalities of Batanes include: Basco (the capital), Itbayat, Ivana, Mahatao, Sabtang, and Uyugan. The three largest islands are Itbayat, Batan, and Sabtang. The northernmost is Mavudis Island. Almost half of Batanes are hills and mountains. Batan Island, with a land area of 35 km², is generally mountainous on the north and southeast. It has a basin in the interior. Itbayat Island, which has a total area of 95 km², slopes gradually to the west, being mountainous and hilly along its northern, eastern coast. As for Sabtang, mountains cover the central part of its 41 km² area, making the island slope outward to the coast. The province is hilly and mountainous, with only 1,631.50 hectares or 7.10% of its area level to undulating and 78.20% or 17,994.40 hectares varying in terms from rolling to steep and very steep. Forty two percent (42%) or 9,734.40 hectares are steep to very steep land. Because of the terrain of the province, drainage is good and prolonged flooding is non-existent. The main island of Batan has the largest share of level and nearly level lands, followed by Itbayat and Sabtang, respectively. Itbayat has gently rolling hills and nearly level areas on semi-plateaus surrounded by continuous massive cliffs rising from 20–70 meters above sea level, with no shorelines. Sabtang on the other hand, has its small flat areas spread sporadically on its coasts, while its interior is dominated by steep mountains and deep canyons. Batan Island and Sabtang have intermittent stretches of sandy beaches and rocky shorelines (source: www.wikipedia.com).

Sometime in October 2013, Atty. Ma. Fatima Yadao and her staff from the Legal Division of the Department of Agrarian Reform Provincial Office of Cagayan (DARPO-Cagayan) braved the unpredictable weather, and got on board a light aircraft from the Tuguegarao Airport and proceeded to Basco, Batanes to attend to the concerns of agrarian reform beneficiaries (ARBs) and landowners concerning matters related to the implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (R.A. 6657) as amended by R.A. 9700 (CARPER).  

The Legal Division provides agrarian legal assistance, which is comprised of resolution of agrarian law implementation (ALI) cases, ARB representation before judicial and quasi-judicial bodies, mediation and conciliation.

Also with them are DARAB Provincial Agrarian Reform Adjudicator (PARAD and OIC-RARAD) Atty. Elizabeth Binag and her staff who are to conduct hearings in Basco, Batanes. Both offices are concerned with the implementation of agrarian justice delivery which consists of adjudication of agrarian cases and provision of legal assistance. 
Because of the implementation of the DAR’s Rationallization Plan under Executive Order No. 366, the DARPO-Cagayan and DARPO-Batanes have been merged into one DAR provincial office with DARPO-Batanes being absorbed by DARPO-Cagayan under PARO Virgilio M. Acasili. As such, the services of the two DAR provincial offices are being managed by PARO Acasili as the provincial head of DARPO Cagayan-Batanes. 

Due to the high volume of cases needing immediate resolution (ALI and DARAB cases), hearings were conducted within the first two days of their arrival starting on the afternoon, the morning of their arrival was spent preparing the pleadings, notarization of documents through a deputized notary public in Basco, interviewing the party-litigants and their witness, etc. Around 14 DARAB cases were heard on the first day and about 15 cases were heard on the second day. Other cases involved the determination and declaration of the farmers’ status as bonafide Agrarian Reform Beneficiary (ARB) through the issuance of a Writ of Installation in favor of around 50 farmer-beneficiaries to erase any cloud of doubt as to their ownership of the awarded farm lands they are actually cultivating, as the same landholdings were previously the subject of legal controversies.

Aside from the hearings, the team also proceeded with posting of legal notices on the premises of the landholdings involved in the ALI and DARAB cases, ocular inspection of the landholdings under litigation, conduct of legal information, consultation and mediation conferences.

These kind of activities shall now be a regular part of the Legal Division’s and DARAB’s calendar of activities (in Batanes) for the coming years unless otherwise directed by the department’s policy rules and regulations.